The acquisition methodology, processing strategies and contrast mechanism for functional MRI. Additional interests include the application of innovative fMRI acqusition and analysis methods to study functional neuroanatomy.

The research in this lab is concerned with the advancement of fMRI data acquisition methods that includes the development of real-time imaging using echo-planar and spiral data acquisition with high-order shimming control, development of robust and reliable single-shot image acquisition methods and optimization of the acquisition methods for improved functional sensitivity and specificity.

Our lab is also focused on understanding the contrast mechanism of the functional MRI, which includes the source localization of the functional signal using the blood oxygenation level dependent contrast and development of alternative contrast mechanisms that are more directly linked to the neuronal activities.

Additional effort is invested in applying and validating the developed methods to study human functional neuroanatomy.

Sha, L, Guo, H, Song, AW. An improved non-uniform fast fourier transform for spiral MRI imaging, J. Magn. Reson. 162, 250-258, 2003.

Giesbrecht, B, Woldorff, MG, Song, AW, Mangun, GR. Neural mechanisms of top-down control during spatial and feature attention, NeuroImage 19, 496-512 2003.

Pelphrey, KA, Mack, PB, Song, AW, Güzeldere, G, McCarthy, G. Faces Evoke Spatially Differentiated Patterns of BOLD Activation and Deactivation in Ventral Extrastriate Cortex, NeuroReport 14, 955-959, 2003.

Weissman, DH, Giesbrecht, B, Song, AW, Mangun, GR, Woldorff, MG. Conflict monitoring in the human anterior cingulate cortex during selective attention to global and local object features, NeuroImage 19, 1361-1368, 2003.

Song, AW, Li, T. Improved spatial localization based on flow-moment-nulled and intra-voxel incoherent motion weighted fMRI, NMR Biomedicine 16, 137-143, 2003.

Chee, M, Westphal, C, Goh, J, Graham S, Lim, Y, Song, AW. Word frequency and subsequent memory effects studied using event related fMRI, NeuroImage 20, 1042-51, 2003.

Li, T, Song, AW, Fast functional signal changes revealed by diffusion weighted fMRI, Magn. Reson. Imag. 21, 829-833, 2003.

Song, AW, Harshbarger, T, Li, T, Kim, KH, Mori, S, Kim, DS. Functional activation using ADC contrast allows better spatial localization to the neuronal activity: evidence using DTI fiber tracking, NeuroImage, 20, 955-961, 2003.

Guo, H, Song, AW. Spiral-in-and-out functional image acquisition with embedded z-shimming for susceptibility signal recovery, JMRI 18, 389-395, 2003.

Woldorff, MG, Weissman, D, Hasslett, C, Song, AW, The investigation of neural correlates during cued attention process using combined fast-rate ERP and fMRI, J. Cog. Neurosci. 16, 149-165, 2004.

Huettel, S. A., McKeown, M. J., Song, A. W., Hart, S. H., Spencer, D. D., Allison, T., McCarthy, G., Linking hemodynamic and electrophysiological measures of brain activity: Evidence from functional MRI and intracranial field potentials, Cereb. Cortex 14, 165-173, 2004.

Inan, S., Mitchell, T., Bizzell, J. C., Song, A. W., and Belger, A., Hemodynamic correlates of stimulus repetition in visual and auditory cortices: an fMRI study, NeuroImage 21, 886-893, 2004.

Lascola, C., Song, A. W., Provanzale, J. M., Spreading depression in mouse brain detected by in vivo magnetization transfer MRI, A. J. Roetengen., (in press with the Presidential Award).

Song, A. W., Gangstead, S. L., The spatial and temporal characteristics of the apparent-diffusion-coefficient dependent fMRI signal changes during visual stimulation, J. Neural Engineering 1, 32-38, 2004.

Huettel, S. A., Obembe, O. O., Song, A. W., Woldorff, M. G., The BOLD fMRI refractory effect is specific to stimulus attributes: Evidence from a visual motion paradigm, NeuroImage 23, 402-408, 2004.

Song, A. W., Michelich, C. R., Emberger, K., and McCarthy, G., fMRI signal source analysis using diffusion weighted spiral-in acquisition, IEEE EMBS Proc. 26, 4417-4421, 2004.

Harshbarger, T. B., Song, A.W., The b factor dependence of the functional signal based on ADC contrast, Magn. Reson. Med. 52, 1432-1437, 2004.

Wang, L., McCarthy, G., Song, A. W., and LaBar, K. S., Amygdala Activation to Sad Pictures During High-Field (4 Tesla) Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Emotion 5, 12-22, 2005.

Huettel, S. A., Song, A.W., McCarthy, G., Decision under uncertainty: probabilistic context influences activation of prefrontal and parietal cortices, J. Neuroscience, 25(13):3304-3311, 2005.

Segal, R., Song, A, W., Nonuniform activity of human calf muscles during an exercise task, Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 86(10), 2013-7, 2005.

Chen, B., Guo, H., and Song, A. W., Correction for direction-dependent distortion in DTI using match magnetic field maps, NeuroImage 30(1):121-9, 2006.

Truong, T. K., Wilbur, J., Song, A. W., Synchronized detection of minute electrical currents with MRI using Lorentz effect imaging, J. Magn. Reson. 179(1):85-91. 2006.

Michelich, C., Song, A. W., and MacFall, James, Assessment of BOLD signal using diffusion weighted gradient echo and spin echo acquisitions, NMR in Biomedicine 19(5):566-72, 2006.

Venkatraman, T. N., Hamer, R. M., Perkins, D. O., Song, A. W., Lieberman, J. A., Steen, R. G., Single-voxel H1 PRESS at 4.0 T: precision and variability of measurements in anterior cingulated and hippocampus, NMR in Biomedicine 19(4), 484-491, 2006.

Harshbarger, T. B., Song, A.W., Non-invasive CBV imaging using diffusion weighting, NMR in Biomedicine 19(8), 1020-7, 2006.

Roberts, K., Tran, T., Song, A.W., and Woldorff, M. G., Neurovascular compartment based analysis of hemodynamic responses, Magn. Reson. Imag. 2006 (in press).

Song, A.W., Guo, H., Truong, T. K., Single-Shot ADC Imaging for fMRI, Magn. Reson. Med. 2006 (in press).

Truong, T.-K., Song, A. W., Finding neuroelectric activity under magnetic-field oscillations (NAMO) with magnetic resonance imaging in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103(33), 12598-12601, 2006.

Department of Radiology
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Psychiatry and Neurobiology (secondary)

Member, Executive Committee, Duke University School of Medicine
Secretary-Elect, Brain Function Study Group, ISMRM

Post-Doctoral Fellowship, Lab of Brain and Cognition, NIH